How to Disable Scrolling on a Webpage with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript?
Scrolling a webpage while navigating can be controlled by using some JavaScript and CSS or either one of them as well. We shall explore different methods to disable and enable the scrolling functionality of a webpage along with some example code snippets.
Pre-requisite
The prerequisite for understanding this article is the basic understanding of CSS and JavaScript DOM methods like querySelector , and getElementById as well as adding the event listeners to HTML elements.
By Overriding the window.onscroll Function
One of the ways to disable scroll on a webpage is using the window.onscroll event. Let's understand this event.
window.onscroll
The onscroll event on windows is triggered when the window's scrollbar is being scrolled.
We can set the position of this windows.onscroll event to a fixed value then it will prevent the page from scrolling in the vertical or horizontal direction or both.
To do this we need to fix the vertical and horizontal position of the page to the current values which can be done using the following JavaScript functions.
Calculating the current vertical position of the page: To calculate the current vertical scroll position of the web page in pixels document.documentElement.scrollTop and window.pageYOffset functions are used with OR (|) operator because one of them may return 0 value in some of the browsers.
document.documentElement.scrollTop method of JavaScript calculates the number of pixels from the top of the webpage by which the page is scrolled down.
The window.pageYOffset method of JavaScript also calculates the number of pixels from the top of the webpage by which the page is scrolled down. Since some of browsers do not support the former method then this method comes as an alternative.
Calculating the current horizontal position of the page:
To calculate the current horizontal position of the webpage in pixels document.documentElement.scrollLeft and window.pageXOffset values functions are used with the OR (|) operator because one of them may return 0 value in the browsers.
The document.documentElement.scrollLeft method is used to get the number of pixels to the left of the page by which the webpage is displaced to the right.
window.pageXOffset values method is also used to get the number of pixels to the left of the page by which the webpage is displaced to the right but the former method is not supported by some of the browsers, therefore, this method comes as an alternative.
Now, to assign the above-calculated values to the windows.scroll event we may use the window.scrollTo() function and pass the calculated values in this function as arguments to fix the horizontal and vertical position of the webpage.
Let's see the implementation of the above functionality.
Let's try to understand the above snippet. The output of the above code looks like this.
Output:
Here, when we click the Disable Scrolling button then we trigger the function disableScroll() where we are calculating the scroll position in the vertical direction in the scrollTop variable and the scroll position in the horizontal direction in the scrollLeft variable. After calculating these values we assign them to the scroll event of the window using the function called window.scrollTo(scrollTop,scrollLeft) .
When the Enable Scrolling button is clicked then we trigger the function enableScroll() which simply puts the value of the window.scroll event to blank and enables scrolling.
By Setting the Height of the Body to 100% and Overflow to Hidden
Scrolling of the webpage can also be disabled by using only the CSS using the overflow property. In this method, we set the height of the element for which the scroll is disabled to 100% such that it covers all the space of its parent container, and then we set the overflow property to hidden.
For the horizontal scrolling, we use the property overflow-x and set it to hidden.
We shall use JavaScript to add these properties to the HTML document.
Let's see the implementation
Output:
It will have the same effect as with the window.onscroll but with a few differences. Let's discuss those differences.
- It will disable the keyboard scrolling as well. Therefore we won't be able to move up and down using a keyboard, mouse or spacebar, etc.
- It will disable the touch scroll as well
- It will disable the scroll up and down by selecting the text.
Set overflow-x to Hidden to Disable Horizontal Scroll Bar in CSS
For disabling the horizontal scrolling we can set the property overflow-x to hidden along with the height is set to 100%. Everything else remains the same. Let's see the implementation for this.
Output:
Preventing Keyboard Scroll Using JavaScript
Suppose, we want to prevent only the keyboard scroll but want to keep other scrolls, in that case, we need to add a keydown event Listener because this will detect which key is pressed and we can prevent the default behavior of the document if the key pressed is keyboard arrows, spacebar, shift+space bar, pageup, pagedown, etc.
We create an event Listener which takes an event argument and checks if the event(button pressed) has a keyCode equal to some of the keycodes already stored in an array. If it matches with one of them then we call the function preventDefault() and return false. This will disable the scrolling effect using that key.
To enable the scrolling effect we simply remove that eventListner added with that particular keypress.
Let's see the implementation of the above strategy.
Output:
Preventing Touch Scroll Using JavaScript
To prevent the touch scroll, we need to add a touchmove event listener which prevents the default behavior while we perform touch scroll. This can be accomplished by creating a function called disableTouchScroll() which takes a touchmove event and prevents the default behavior using the function preventDefault() and stops the propagation using the stopPropagation() function of the event.
This can be implemented as follows
Applying CSS to Hide the Scrollbar in Website's Code
To hide the scrollbar in the website's code we can use the -ms-overflow-style property in the body element where we can set it to node as well as the -webkit-scrollbar property where we set the display property for this as none, this ultimately hides the scrollbar.
Как убрать полосу прокрутки с помощью CSS
Если у вас возникла необходимость убрать полосу прокрутки на сайте, есть легкий способ это реализовать с помощью CSS свойства.
В этой статье я расскажу, как на сайте убрать горизонтальную и вертикальную полосу прокрутки.
Как убрать горизонтальную полосу прокрутки
Итак, допустим, вы имеете вот такой сайт, где есть горизонтальная полоса прокрутки и вертикальная
Но вам необходимо убрать только горизонтальную полосу прокрутки.
Для этого открывайте свой файл со CSS стилями и добавляйте свойство overflow-x к селектору «html» или к «body»
Как убрать вертикальную полосу прокрутки
Допустим, вам уже необходимо убрать только вертикальную полосу прокрутки.
Для этого открывайте свой файл с CSS стилями и добавляйте свойство overflow-y к селектору «html» или к «body»
Как убрать горизонтальную и вертикальную полосу прокрутки
Допустим, вам необходимо убрать вертикальную и горизонтальную полосу прокрутки.
Для этого открывайте свой файл с CSS стилями и добавьте свойство overflow к селектору «html» или к «body»
или же добавьте свойство overflow-x и overflow-y к селектору «html» или к «body» :
Как и обещал – ничего сложно здесь не было.
Внимание , прежде чем убирать полосу прокрутки, подумайте, действительно ли вам это нужно.
Use CSS to hide the scrollbar
There are times when we need to hide the scrollbar from the HTMl elements. The uses can vary from person to person. It is opinionated topic to keep the scrollbar or not based on User Interactions(UI)/User Experience(UX).
Most of the time, I don’t like to show the scrollbar to the user because of design practices I follow.
To achieve this, you just need to tickle with CSS to add some pseudo selectors for hiding it based on Browser’s stylings
Let’s see the default UI for scroll elements which will show the scrollbar.
We will declare a div which will contain a list of items and then we will apply some CSS to provide max-width and max-height to see the scroll behaviour.
Exit fullscreen mode
Exit fullscreen mode
Let’s see how it look in the screen
You see, browser automatically adds the scrollbar by default, but If we want to hide, we can do it.
Now, we will add some css to the element to hide the scrollbar:
We will declare a div with some other class name which will contain same number of items and then we will use the same CSS but with some extra rules to see the scroll behaviour but not see the scrollbar.
Exit fullscreen mode
Exit fullscreen mode
Let’s see, whether we achieved what we wanted or not
Here, you can see that, the scrollbar is no longer can be seen, but the functionality for scrolling remain intact.
Hope this helps you someway. Do comment your thoughts on anything, you would like to change or add.
How to Hide Scrollbars with CSS
If you don’t know how to hide scrollbars for major browsers with pure CSS, you are in the right place!
Hiding scrollbars is useful when the whole content is visible. To hide scrollbars from any element, you can use CSS code.
In this snippet, we will demonstrate how to remove a scrollbar from the <div> and <textarea> elements.
Let’s see an example and try to discuss each part of the code together.
Create HTML
- Create three <div> elements with the «outer», «inner» and «element» classes in the <body> section. Write your content that should be scrolled.
Add CSS
- Set the width and height properties for the «element» and «outer» classes.
- Set the position to «relative» and the overflow to «hidden» for the «outer» class. Also, add a border.
- Set the left property for the «inner» class and use the «absolute» value of the position property. Specify the overflow-x property with the «hidden» value and overflow-y with the «scroll» value.
- Add a simple rule for -Webkit- browsers.
Let’s bring the code parts together to see how it works!
Example of hiding the scrollbar from the <div> element:
Result
Another way to hide the scrollbar is to add the following code:
Now, let’s discuss how to remove a scrollbar from the <textarea> tag.
The <textarea> element is used to allow the users to enter text, give feedback, leave comments. By default, the <textarea> element comes with a vertical scrollbar. It helps the user to enter and review their text by scrolling up and down.
We need to set the CSS overflow property to «hidden» so as to hide the scrollbar.
Below is an example, where we hide the scrollbar from the <textarea> element: