How to Link CSS to HTML – Stylesheet File Linking
Kolade Chris
HTML is the markup language that helps you define the structure of a web page. CSS is the stylesheet language you use to make the structure presentable and nicely laid out.
To make the stylings you implement with CSS reflect in the HTML, you have to find a way to link the CSS to the HTML.
You can do the linking by writing inline CSS, internal CSS, or external CSS.
It is a best practice to keep your CSS separate from your HTML, so this article focuses on how you can link that external CSS to your HTML.
How to Link CSS to HTML
To link your CSS to your HTML, you have to use the link tag with some relevant attributes.
The link tag is a self-closing tag you should put at the head section of your HTML.
To link CSS to HTML with it, this is how you do it:
Place the link tag at the head section of your HTML as shown below:
Attributes of the Link Tag
The rel Attribute
rel is the relationship between the external file and the current file. For CSS, you use stylesheet . For example, rel=»stylesheet» .
The type Attribute
type is the type of the document you are linking to the HTML. For CSS, it is text/css . For example type=»text/css» .
The href Attribute
href stands for “hypertext reference”. You use it to specify the location of the CSS file and the file name. It is a clickable link, so you can also hold CTRL and click it to view the CSS file.
For example, href=»styles.css» if the CSS file is located in the same folder as the HTML file. Or href=»folder/styles.css» if the CSS file is located on another folder.
Final Thoughts
This article showed you how to properly link an external CSS file to HTML with the link tag and the necessary attributes.
We also took a look at what each of the attributes means, so you don’t just use them without knowing how they work.
Как подключить css документ к html?
Допустим у тебя есть основная папка сайта, назовем ее «WEBSITE» В ней должны лежать все папки с файлами CSS и HTML файлами, и т.д.
Папку со CSS стилями назовем «CSS_KATALOG»
Файл со стилями который нужно подключить назовем «STYLES»
Путь к папке с файлом CSS нужно указать начиная с точки.
Пример 1:
Если файл CSS лежит в месте с файлами HTML, то путь указываем через две точки, с названием основной папки. Выглядит вот так:
How to Add CSS to HTML: Understanding Inline, Internal & External CSS
If you’re building a website, HTML is your best friend. With it, you create all of your page content, including headings, paragraphs, images, tables, forms, lists, and so on. However, you can’t control how these elements look on the page, at least not with HTML alone. That’s why we have CSS.
CSS determines how the contents of a web page look when shown in browser. It can be used for a huge range of stylistic purposes, from changing colors and animating elements to determining the whole layout of your page.
How To Add CSS
When a browser reads a style sheet, it will format the HTML document according to the information in the style sheet.
Three Ways to Insert CSS
There are three ways of inserting a style sheet:
- External CSS
- Internal CSS
- Inline CSS
External CSS
With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire website by changing just one file!
Each HTML page must include a reference to the external style sheet file inside the <link> element, inside the head section.
Example
External styles are defined within the <link> element, inside the <head> section of an HTML page:
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
An external style sheet can be written in any text editor, and must be saved with a .css extension.
The external .css file should not contain any HTML tags.
Here is how the "mystyle.css" file looks:
"mystyle.css"
body <
background-color: lightblue;
>
h1 <
color: navy;
margin-left: 20px;
>
Note: Do not add a space between the property value (20) and the unit (px):
Incorrect (space): margin-left: 20 px;
Correct (no space): margin-left: 20px;
Internal CSS
An internal style sheet may be used if one single HTML page has a unique style.
The internal style is defined inside the <style> element, inside the head section.
Example
Internal styles are defined within the <style> element, inside the <head> section of an HTML page:
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
Inline CSS
An inline style may be used to apply a unique style for a single element.
To use inline styles, add the style attribute to the relevant element. The style attribute can contain any CSS property.
Example
Inline styles are defined within the "style" attribute of the relevant element:
<h1 style="color:blue;text-align:center;">This is a heading</h1>
<p style="color:red;">This is a paragraph.</p>
Tip: An inline style loses many of the advantages of a style sheet (by mixing content with presentation). Use this method sparingly.
Multiple Style Sheets
If some properties have been defined for the same selector (element) in different style sheets, the value from the last read style sheet will be used.
Assume that an external style sheet has the following style for the <h1> element:
Then, assume that an internal style sheet also has the following style for the <h1> element:
Example
If the internal style is defined after the link to the external style sheet, the <h1> elements will be "orange":
Example
However, if the internal style is defined before the link to the external style sheet, the <h1> elements will be "navy":
Cascading Order
What style will be used when there is more than one style specified for an HTML element?
All the styles in a page will "cascade" into a new "virtual" style sheet by the following rules, where number one has the highest priority:
- Inline style (inside an HTML element)
- External and internal style sheets (in the head section)
- Browser default
So, an inline style has the highest priority, and will override external and internal styles and browser defaults.
Ever heard about W3Schools Spaces? Here you can create your own website, or save code snippets for later use, for free.